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Capillary Flow with Evaporation in Open Rectangular Microchannels.

Panayiotis Kolliopoulos1, Krystopher S Jochem1, Robert K Lade1

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Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new model for capillary flow in open microchannels accounts for evaporation and changing viscosity. It improves predictions for liquid front movement, especially in high-viscosity fluids, aiding microfluidic device design.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Microfluidics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Capillary flow in open microchannels is crucial for applications like lab-on-a-chip devices and printed electronics.
  • Liquid evaporation significantly impacts flow dynamics in these microchannels.
  • Existing models often struggle to accurately predict liquid front movement under these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a one-dimensional Lucas-Washburn-type model for capillary flow in rectangular microchannels.
  • To incorporate concentration-dependent viscosity and uniform evaporation into the model.
  • To predict the time evolution of the liquid front position in microchannels.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a modified Lucas-Washburn model.
  • Inclusion of concentration-dependent viscosity and uniform evaporation.
  • Comparison of model predictions with experimental data for various liquid viscosities and evaporation rates.

Main Results:

  • The model accurately predicts liquid front evolution, particularly for high-viscosity liquids where bulk viscosity suppresses interface effects.
  • A no-stress boundary condition overestimates liquid front advancement due to unmodeled factors like meniscus morphology and surface roughness.
  • Model predictions show good agreement with experimental scaling laws for final liquid-front position and flow time, considering evaporation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides improved predictions for capillary flow in open microchannels with evaporation and concentration-dependent viscosity.
  • Understanding the interplay between viscosity, evaporation, and interface phenomena is key for accurate microfluidic flow modeling.
  • The model offers valuable insights for designing and optimizing microfluidic devices and processes.