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Related Concept Videos

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM01:25

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM

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Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein present in the extracellular matrix of embryogenic and adult tissue. These molecules primarily aid in regulating cell motility and attachment. A fibronectin molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains attached to each other by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-terminal.
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Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM01:03

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The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
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Three main types of fibers are secreted by fibroblasts: collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers. Collagen fiber is made from fibrous protein subunits linked together to form a long, straight fiber. Collagen fibers, while flexible, have great tensile strength, resist stretching, and give ligaments and tendons their characteristic resilience and strength. These fibers hold connective tissues together, even during the body's movement.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Pancreatic Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Printing 3D Cell-Laden Pancreatic Tissue Constructs
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Decellularized ECM-derived bioinks: Prospects for the future.

Fatemeh Kabirian1, Masoud Mozafari2

  • 1Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials Department, Materials & Energy Research Center (MERC), Tehran, Iran.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|May 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Decellularization removes cells to create decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolds for tissue engineering. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting combines dECM with cells for patient-specific tissue fabrication.

Keywords:
3D-printingAdditive manufacturingBioinkBiomaterialsBioprintingDecellularizationExtracellular matrixRegenerative medicineTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) preserves native tissue properties, making it ideal for tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers a reproducible method for fabricating patient-specific, cell-laden constructs.
  • Integrating dECM with 3D bioprinting leverages the benefits of both technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental concepts of decellularization and extracellular matrix (ECM).
  • To explore various decellularization agents, techniques, and ECM sources.
  • To discuss 3D bioprinting technologies, bioink development using dECM, and future applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of decellularization processes and their impact on ECM properties.
  • Analysis of 3D bioprinting techniques for scaffold fabrication.
  • Examination of bioink formulations incorporating dECM for tissue engineering.

Main Results:

  • Decellularization effectively removes cellular components while retaining ECM structural and biological integrity.
  • 3D bioprinting enables precise spatial control for creating complex, cell-laden dECM constructs.
  • dECM-based bioinks show significant potential for mimicking native tissue microenvironments.

Conclusions:

  • dECM serves as a promising scaffold material for tissue engineering.
  • 3D bioprinting of dECM facilitates the creation of patient-specific tissue constructs.
  • The combination of dECM and 3D bioprinting holds substantial future potential in regenerative medicine.