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    A new hierarchical lens array significantly enhances segmented planar imaging resolution. This advanced photonic integrated circuit (PIC) imaging system improves sampling for better image quality and provides design optimization insights.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Integrated Optics
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Segmented Planar Imaging (SPI) offers ultra-thin, high-resolution capabilities using photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
    • Existing SPI systems face challenges in effectively sampling low and medium frequency information, limiting overall imaging performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate a novel hierarchical multistage sampling lens array for segmented planar imagers.
    • To develop a full-chain signal level model for the enhanced SPI system.
    • To provide parameter optimization guidelines for improved imaging quality.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a hierarchical multistage sampling lens array.
    • Establishment of a full-chain signal level model incorporating lens array fill factor and arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) wavelength spacing.
    • Simulation and comparative analysis of imaging quality with and without the novel lens array.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed hierarchical lens array significantly improves the imaging quality of the segmented planar imaging system.
    • Lens array fill factor errors within 5% have minimal impact on imaging results.
    • Reduced wavelength spacing in AWGs enhances system imaging quality, with 10 nm identified as optimal.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel hierarchical sampling lens array is effective in enhancing SPI performance.
    • Full-chain modeling provides valuable insights into parameter sensitivity and optimization.
    • The findings facilitate the optimal design of segmented planar integrated optical imaging systems.