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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Terahertz dispersion using multi-depth phase modulation grating.

Qiu-Jie Yang, Jing-Guo Huang, Zhen-Yang Xiao

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    Summary

    We developed a multi-depth phase modulation grating (MPMG) for real-time terahertz spectroscopy. This grating enables stationary multichannel Fourier-transform spectroscopy by encoding frequency information in the zeroth-order diffraction intensity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Spectroscopy
    • Terahertz Technology

    Background:

    • Fourier-transform spectroscopy (FTS) is a powerful technique for spectral analysis.
    • Traditional FTS setups can be complex and require precise alignment.
    • Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy offers unique insights into material properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel multi-depth phase modulation grating (MPMG) for terahertz (THz) spectroscopy.
    • To enable real-time, stationary, and multichannel spectral measurements.
    • To demonstrate the capability of MPMG in retrieving THz source frequencies.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical calculation of Fraunhofer diffraction field distribution and diffraction efficiency for MPMG.
    • Experimental measurement of 0th- and ±1st-order diffraction efficiency at various THz frequencies (0.5, 0.4, 0.34 THz).
    • Comparison of experimental results with theoretical simulations.

    Main Results:

    • MPMG effectively modulates diffraction intensity with groove depth, carrying phase information in the zeroth-order light.
    • Excellent agreement between simulated and measured diffraction efficiencies at 0.5 and 0.34 THz.
    • Accurate retrieval of THz source frequencies (0.5, 0.4, 0.34 THz) from zeroth-order diffraction intensity.

    Conclusions:

    • MPMG is a viable component for stationary, real-time, multichannel THz Fourier-transform spectroscopy.
    • The zeroth-order diffraction light of MPMG contains crucial spectral information.
    • This technology advances THz spectroscopy capabilities for various applications.