Multiple-soliton in spatiotemporal mode-locked multimode fiber lasers

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Nonlinear Dynamics
• Laser Physics

Background:

• Multimode fiber (MMF) lasers exhibit complex nonlinear phenomena.
• Understanding spatiotemporal dynamics, including multiple solitons and harmonic mode locking, is crucial for advanced laser applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally observe and numerically investigate spatiotemporal mode-locked multiple-soliton phenomena in MMF lasers.
• To analyze the influence of cavity parameters on multi-pulsing and spatiotemporal outputs.

Main Methods:

• Experimental observation of mode-locked multiple-soliton outputs in MMF lasers.
• Numerical simulations to explore nonlinear dynamics and multi-pulsing.
• Analysis of cavity parameter effects on laser output characteristics.

Main Results:

• Successful experimental observation of spatiotemporal mode-locked multiple-soliton states, including harmonic mode locking and multiple pulses.
• Numerical simulations qualitatively reproduced experimental findings, validating the models used.
• Identified correlations between cavity parameters and observed spatiotemporal outputs.

Conclusions:

• The study provides experimental evidence and numerical insights into complex spatiotemporal nonlinear dynamics in MMF lasers.
• Findings contribute to a deeper understanding of multi-pulsing mechanisms and mode-locking behaviors in these systems.