An evaluation of large group cognitive behaviour therapy with mindfulness (CBTm) classes
Vishal K Thakur1, Jacquelyne Y Wong2, Jason R Randall3
1Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
BMC Psychiatry
|May 5, 2019
Summary
Large Cognitive Behaviour Therapy with Mindfulness (CBTm) classes were found to be an acceptable strategy for improving anxiety and depressive symptoms in Canadian outpatients. While effective, symptom improvement was not clinically significant, indicating a need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Mental Health
- Psychotherapy
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Access to Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in Canada is limited by the current service delivery model.
- Large group sessions of CBT with Mindfulness (CBTm) were developed to address these access challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the acceptability and effectiveness of 4-session, large CBTm classes.
- To evaluate client retention and symptom changes in anxiety and depression.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of 523 adult outpatients attending CBTm classes from 2015-2016.
- Data collected from a tertiary mental health clinic in Winnipeg, Canada.
- Primary outcomes included class acceptability, retention rates, and changes in anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) symptoms.
Main Results:
- Over 90% of clients found the classes useful and desired future attendance.
- A 37.5% dropout rate was observed.
- Mixed-effects linear regression showed significant improvements in anxiety (GAD-7: -0.52 per class) and depression (PHQ-9: -0.65 per class) symptoms (P < .001).
Conclusions:
- CBTm classes are an acceptable strategy for improving access to and engagement with CBT.
- Clients experienced reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms, though effect sizes were small and not clinically significant.
- Future research should address limitations, including the lack of a control group.
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