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Mesoamerican Nephropathy.

Ricardo Correa-Rotter1, Ramón García-Trabanino2

  • 1Departament of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.

Seminars in Nephrology
|May 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy, a chronic kidney disease of unknown origin, affects young men in agricultural areas. Further research and registries are crucial for understanding its extent and causes.

Keywords:
Mesoamericachronic kidney diseasehydrationtoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy (MEN) is a chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology.
  • It disproportionately affects young adult men in agricultural communities along the Pacific coast of Mesoamerica.
  • The condition is characterized by high mortality and presents with tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and ischemic glomerular changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the current knowledge gaps regarding the burden and causes of MEN.
  • To emphasize the urgent need for further epidemiologic and mechanistic research.
  • To advocate for the establishment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) registries in the region.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Mesoamerican endemic nephropathy.
  • Clinical and pathological observations from kidney biopsies.
  • Hypotheses regarding potential etiological factors including agrochemicals, heavy metals, heat stress, and infections.

Main Results:

  • Frequent clinical features include hypokalemia and hyperuricemia.
  • Kidney pathology indicates tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and ischemia.
  • The exact cause of MEN remains undetermined, and its full disease burden is not yet quantified.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and treatment are vital to slow disease progression to end-stage kidney disease.
  • Comprehensive epidemiologic studies and formal registries are essential for understanding MEN's scope.
  • Informed public health policies require a better understanding of MEN's risk factors and prevalence.