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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

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Adaptive super-twisting sliding mode observer based robust backstepping sensorless speed control for IPMSM.

Shaofang Wu1, Jianwu Zhang1, Benben Chai1

  • 1National Engineering Laboratory for Automotive Electronics and Control Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.

ISA Transactions
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a robust sensorless control for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSM) using a novel sliding mode observer and backstepping controller. The approach enhances speed regulation accuracy and robustness against system uncertainties.

Keywords:
Adaptive super-twistingBackstepping controlHigher order sliding modePermanent magnet synchronous motorSensorless control

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Control Systems
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (IPMSM) are widely used in industrial applications due to their high efficiency and power density.
  • Accurate sensorless speed and position estimation are crucial for high-performance control of IPMSMs, but are challenging due to system uncertainties and noise.
  • Existing sensorless control methods often suffer from chattering, limited robustness, and suboptimal transient/steady-state performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance sensorless speed regulation strategy for IPMSMs.
  • To propose a robust observer for accurate rotor position estimation, minimizing chattering and handling uncertainties.
  • To design an adaptive backstepping controller that ensures precise speed control under unknown system disturbances.

Main Methods:

  • A novel robust adaptive super-twisting higher-order sliding mode observer is proposed for rotor position estimation.
  • A new robust integral adaptive backstepping controller incorporating sliding mode actions is designed for speed regulation.
  • The sensorless scheme combines the proposed observer and controller, with stability analysis provided.
  • Simulation and experimental validation are conducted to verify the approach.

Main Results:

  • The proposed observer effectively estimates rotor position with reduced chattering and enhanced robustness against uncertainties.
  • The integral adaptive backstepping controller achieves precise speed regulation, demonstrating both transient and steady-state performance.
  • The combined sensorless scheme shows excellent performance in simulations and experiments.
  • The stability of the observer and controller is mathematically verified.

Conclusions:

  • The developed higher-order sliding mode observer and robust backstepping controller provide a high-performance sensorless speed regulation solution for IPMSMs.
  • The proposed approach effectively addresses challenges related to uncertainties and chattering, leading to improved control accuracy.
  • The method offers a promising direction for advanced sensorless control applications in electric drives.