Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Switching of BJT01:22

Switching of BJT

822
Switching behavior in Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) is a fundamental aspect utilized in various electronic circuits, particularly for digital logic applications like switches and amplifiers. In a typical switching circuit, a BJT alternates between cut-off and saturation modes, corresponding to the "off" and "on" states, respectively, thus behaving like an ideal switch.
Cut-off Mode ("Off" State): In this state, both the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are...
822
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.8K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
3.8K
Block Diagram Reduction01:22

Block Diagram Reduction

546
The process of deriving the transfer function of a control system often involves reducing its block diagram to a single block. This simplification can be achieved through a series of strategic operations, including relocating branch points and comparators. These operations preserve the overall function of the system while allowing for easier manipulation and combination of blocks.
The first step in this process is the identification and relocation of a branch point. A branch point, where a...
546
Elements of Block Diagrams01:25

Elements of Block Diagrams

692
Block diagrams serve as a visual representation of the input-output relationships within a system. An illustrative example is a heating system, where the set temperature activates the furnace to warm the room to the desired level. Block diagrams are versatile, modeling linear systems through Laplace transform variables and nonlinear systems using time domain variables.
A block diagram typically includes essential elements such as comparators, blocks, and feedback loops. Each of these elements...
692
Relation between Mathematical Equations and Block Diagrams01:20

Relation between Mathematical Equations and Block Diagrams

3.0K
In a spring-mass-damper system, the second-order differential equation describes the dynamic behavior of the system. When transformed into the Laplace domain under zero initial conditions, this equation can be effectively analyzed and manipulated. The transformation into the Laplace domain converts differential equations into algebraic equations, simplifying the process of isolating the output.
3.0K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.9K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Silicon photonic DWDM micro-resonator link initialization under fabrication variation.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Foundry-enabled wafer-scale characterization and modeling of silicon photonic DWDM links.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

Highly uniform thermally undercut silicon photonic devices in a 300 mm CMOS foundry process.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Automated tuning of a ring-assisted MZI-based interleaver for Kerr frequency combs.

Optics letters·2025
Same author

Roadmapping the next generation of silicon photonics.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Monolithically integrated 112 Gbps PAM4 optical transmitter and receiver in a 45 nm CMOS-silicon photonics process.

Optics express·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Construction of Modular Hydrogel Sheets for Micropatterned Macro-scaled 3D Cellular Architecture
10:55

Construction of Modular Hydrogel Sheets for Micropatterned Macro-scaled 3D Cellular Architecture

Published on: January 11, 2016

10.7K

Modular architecture for fully non-blocking silicon photonic switch fabric.

Dessislava Nikolova1, David M Calhoun1, Yang Liu2

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, 530 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Microsystems & Nanoengineering
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Silicon photonics enables compact, energy-efficient optical switches. This research demonstrates modular microring switch building blocks, paving the way for scalable, high-port-count data communication systems.

Keywords:
data communicationsoptical switchingsilicon photonics

More Related Videos

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
13:02

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

Published on: February 25, 2017

10.1K
Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

6.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Construction of Modular Hydrogel Sheets for Micropatterned Macro-scaled 3D Cellular Architecture
10:55

Construction of Modular Hydrogel Sheets for Micropatterned Macro-scaled 3D Cellular Architecture

Published on: January 11, 2016

10.7K
Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation
13:02

Fabrication of 1-D Photonic Crystal Cavity on a Nanofiber Using Femtosecond Laser-induced Ablation

Published on: February 25, 2017

10.1K
Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

6.2K

Area of Science:

  • Integrated photonics
  • Optical switching architectures

Background:

  • Future data communication systems require compact, low-energy, bandwidth-dense interconnects.
  • Widespread adoption necessitates integration with electronics using standard microelectronic foundry processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of a silicon photonic switch fabric using modular building blocks.
  • To explore innovative packaging and integration schemes for large port count optical switching.

Main Methods:

  • Development of 1x8 and 8x1 microring-based silicon photonic switch building blocks.
  • Software control implementation for the switch architecture.
  • Analysis and comparison of the proposed architecture with existing switching technologies.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated feasibility of an 8x8 architecture composed of silicon photonic building blocks.
  • Achieved a fully non-blocking switch with path-independent insertion loss and low crosstalk.
  • Proposed architecture shows favorable scaling to large port counts regarding crosstalk and footprint.

Conclusions:

  • Modular silicon photonic building blocks offer a new path for switch fabric design.
  • Innovative packaging and integration schemes are key for large port count optical switches.
  • Separating switch fabrics into functional building blocks simplifies manufacturing and reduces die-level I/O requirements.