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Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Protocol for Management

Anuj Jain1, Saumya Taneja2

  • 1Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

International Journal of Surgical Oncology
|May 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a growing concern in children, with areca nut chewing identified as the primary cause. This systematic review highlights the urgent need for societal and governmental action to address this dangerous trend in the pediatric population.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder characterized by juxtaepithelial inflammatory reaction followed by fibroelastic changes.
  • Pediatric cases of OSMF are increasingly reported, necessitating a focused review of existing literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and evaluate documented cases of oral submucous fibrosis in pediatric patients.
  • To analyze the prevalence, gender distribution, etiology, and clinical presentation of OSMF in children.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
  • Five manuscripts focusing on oral submucous fibrosis in pediatric patients were included in the analysis.

Main Results:

  • A total of 10 pediatric cases of OSMF were identified.
  • The youngest patient diagnosed was 2.5 years old, with a noted female preponderance.
  • Areca nut chewing was identified as the consistent etiological factor in all reviewed cases.

Conclusions:

  • The rising incidence of OSMF in the pediatric population poses a significant public health risk.
  • Areca nut chewing, often initiated due to low health consciousness and education, is the primary driver of this condition.
  • Urgent interventions involving parents, schools, and government authorities are crucial to combat this trend.
Abstract

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