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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates
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Reactive Vapor Deposition of Conjugated Polymer Films on Arbitrary Substrates

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Conjugated Oligo- and Polymers for Bacterial Sensing.

Susanne Löffler1, Haris Antypas1, Ferdinand X Choong1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Swedish Medical Nanoscience Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Frontiers in Chemistry
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Synthetic biorecognition elements offer rapid detection of bacteria and differentiation between pathogenic and commensal strains. This approach aids in preventing antibiotic resistance and developing new diagnostic tools for biofilm infections.

Keywords:
bacterial sensingbiofilmscelluloseconjugated oligoelectrolytesconjugated polymerscurliluminescent conjugated oligothiophenes

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Antibiotic resistance necessitates rapid bacterial detection and differentiation.
  • Bacterial lifestyle changes, such as biofilm formation, require multi-level sensing.
  • Current diagnostic methods may not be sufficiently fast or specific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the use of conjugated oligomers and polymers for bacterial detection.
  • To highlight the development of synthetic biorecognition elements for detecting bacterial colonization.
  • To explore diagnostic applications for biofilm-related infections.

Main Methods:

  • Tailor-made oligothiophene derivatives for detecting bacterial biopolymers.
  • Utilizing conjugated oligo- and polymers as sensing elements.
  • Translating detection findings into diagnostic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Oligothiophene derivatives effectively detect biopolymers associated with the biofilm lifestyle.
  • Conjugated polymers show promise for sensitive bacterial detection.
  • Synthetic biorecognition elements enable rapid identification of bacterial colonization.

Conclusions:

  • Synthetic biorecognition elements provide a platform for fast and easy bacterial diagnostics.
  • This technology can contribute to infection control and combat antibiotic resistance.
  • Further development can lead to novel methods for managing bacterial infections.