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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
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A general framework for propagule dispersal in mangroves.

Tom Van der Stocken1,2,3, Alison K S Wee4,5, Dennis J R De Ryck3

  • 1Earth Science Section, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, U.S.A.

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
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Mangrove propagules use ocean currents for dispersal, crucial for tracking suitable climates. Further research is needed to understand the factors influencing their long-distance movements and distribution patterns.

Keywords:
abscissionbuoyancyfecundityobligate dispersal periodparticle trackingpredationrelease-recaptureretentionseascape ecologyviability

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Marine Biology
  • Botany

Background:

  • Dispersal is vital for species' persistence amid climate change.
  • Mangroves, halophytic plants in intertidal zones, possess hydrochorous propagules with high dispersal potential.
  • Oceanic dispersal enables mangroves to maintain large coastal ranges and adapt geographically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize current knowledge on mangrove propagule dispersal across spatial scales.
  • To outline mechanisms and ecological processes modulating mangrove dispersal patterns.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and understudied factors in mangrove dispersal.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on mangrove propagule dispersal.
  • Application of a general framework to analyze dispersal mechanisms.
  • Identification of ecological processes influencing spatial patterns.

Main Results:

  • Mangrove propagule dispersal is driven by fluid dynamics (wind and water).
  • Existing studies often isolate dispersal drivers, lacking a comprehensive synthesis.
  • Critical dispersal factors and empirical data are lacking for most mangrove species.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding mangrove dispersal is crucial for predicting their response to climate change and sea-level rise.
  • Further research and field campaigns are needed to fill knowledge gaps.
  • A better understanding of dispersal processes will improve predictions of global mangrove distribution.