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Does stretching velocity affect residual force enhancement?
Atsuki Fukutani1, Timothy Leonard2, Walter Herzog2
1Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
Journal of Biomechanics
|May 8, 2019
Summary
Residual force enhancement (RFE) is typically unaffected by stretch velocity. However, this study found that very high stretch speeds causing muscle slippage abolish RFE, indicating proper cross-bridge engagement is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Muscle physiology
- Biomechanics
- Exercise science
Background:
- Residual force enhancement (RFE) is the increase in force after a muscle stretch.
- Previous studies suggest RFE is independent of stretch velocity.
- These studies were limited to slow to moderate stretch velocities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of high stretch velocities on RFE.
- To determine if muscle slippage at high velocities impacts RFE.
Main Methods:
- Cat soleus muscles were stretched to the plateau of the force-length relationship.
- Stretch velocities ranged from 2 to 64 mm/s.
- Residual force enhancement was measured by comparing isometric steady-state force after stretch versus isometric reference tests.
Main Results:
- RFE was consistent across slow to moderate stretch velocities (2-32 mm/s).
- The highest stretch velocity (64 mm/s) induced muscle slippage.
- At 64 mm/s, RFE was abolished, with no significant increase in force observed.
Conclusions:
- High stretch velocities associated with muscle slippage eliminate RFE.
- Slippage disrupts the necessary cross-bridge attachment for RFE.
- Proper cross-bridge engagement during eccentric actions is essential for producing RFE.
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