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B7-H3 and its role in bone cancers
1Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Abstract:
Most bone cancers have a high risk of metastasis, recurrence, and poor prognosis. Although conventional treatments are still the most important therapy, disadvantages still exist. Therefore, there is an unmet need to develop effective strategies. Immunotherapy is a promising therapy. Immunotherapies targeting checkpoints have proven to be successful, but B7-H3 (CD276, clusters of differentiation protein 276), a member of the B7-family of co-stimulatory molecules, is not being widely studied in bone cancers. This review summarized the studies on B7-H3 in bone cancers. 4 studies investigated B7-H3 expression in osteosarcoma, but there is no study on B7-H3 expression in chondrosarcoma. Two studies investigated the possibility to treat Ewing`s sarcoma through targeting the B7-H3 CAR (chimeric antigen receptors) T-cells or using anti-B7-H3 antibody. A study observed the growth of myeloma in B7-H3-deficient mice and the therapeutic effect of B7-H3 antibody and a study invested B7-H3 expression in myeloma patients. One study reported B7-H3 expression in osteoclastomas and one study investigated B7-H3 expression in chordoma tumor tissues. Two clinical trials are conducting on the therapy of osteosarcoma and myeloma using B7-H3 as a target. In conclusion, B7-H3 could be a target of bone cancers.
Insights
B7-H3 is a promising target for bone cancer immunotherapy. Research shows its potential in osteosarcoma and myeloma, with ongoing clinical trials exploring B7-H3 targeted therapies for improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunotherapy
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Bone cancers often exhibit high metastasis and recurrence rates, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies beyond conventional treatments.
- While checkpoint immunotherapies show promise, the role of B7-H3 (CD276), a B7-family molecule, remains underexplored in bone malignancies.
- Existing treatments for bone cancers have limitations, creating an urgent need for innovative and effective therapeutic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize current research on the expression and therapeutic targeting of B7-H3 in various bone cancers.
- To identify the unmet needs and potential of B7-H3 as a novel immunotherapeutic target in bone oncology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating B7-H3 expression in osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, myeloma, osteoclastoma, and chordoma.
- Analysis of research exploring B7-H3 targeted immunotherapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells and antibody-based treatments.
- Inclusion of data from preclinical studies and ongoing clinical trials evaluating B7-H3 as a therapeutic target.
Main Results:
- B7-H3 expression has been investigated in osteosarcoma, myeloma, osteoclastoma, and chordoma, with limited research in chondrosarcoma.
- Preclinical studies demonstrate the potential of targeting B7-H3 using CAR T-cells and antibodies in Ewing's sarcoma and myeloma.
- Two clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate B7-H3 as a therapeutic target in osteosarcoma and myeloma.
Conclusions:
- B7-H3 represents a potential therapeutic target for several types of bone cancer.
- Further research and clinical investigation are warranted to fully elucidate the role of B7-H3 in bone cancer and its therapeutic efficacy.
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