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Distance to range edge determines sensitivity to deforestation.

C David L Orme1, Sarah Mayor1,2, Luiz Dos Anjos3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.

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Deforestation impacts Atlantic Forest bird populations differently based on their location. Birds at range edges are more sensitive, while those in range cores may benefit from habitat changes, highlighting geographic variation in conservation needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Ornithology

Background:

  • Deforestation impacts on species are often assumed to be uniform across geographic ranges.
  • Populations at geographic range edges may be more vulnerable to environmental disturbances due to existing at niche limits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how deforestation affects bird populations differently across their geographic range within the Atlantic Forest.
  • To determine if populations at range edges exhibit greater sensitivity to deforestation compared to those in range cores.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of bird occurrences in relation to deforestation levels across various species in the Atlantic Forest.
  • Comparison of deforestation impacts on populations located at geographic range edges versus range cores.

Main Results:

  • Bird populations showed increased sensitivity to deforestation when located near their geographic range edge.
  • Negative effects of deforestation on bird occurrences became positive within the range core, aligning with Ellenberg's rule.
  • The proportion of populations at range cores versus edges varied geographically across Brazil.

Conclusions:

  • Deforestation's impact on bird species is not uniform and is strongly influenced by geographic location within the species' range.
  • Conservation strategies must account for this geographic variability in deforestation effects for effective species protection.
  • Understanding range-specific sensitivities is crucial for tailoring conservation actions to local conditions.