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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Hemodynamic Precision in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit using Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography
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Evidence-based design for neonatal units: a systematic review.

N O'Callaghan1, A Dee1, R K Philip2,3

  • 1Mid-West Department of Public Health, HSE, Limerick, Ireland.

Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology
|May 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Evidence-based design in neonatal intensive care units, particularly single family rooms, can improve patient safety and health outcomes. This approach supports family-centered care and positively impacts infant development.

Keywords:
Evidence-based designFamily centred careHospital designNeonatal intensive care unitOpen bay unitSingle family room

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Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Design
  • Neonatal Care
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Evidence-based design (EBD) in hospitals can enhance patient and staff environments.
  • Optimizing neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) design is crucial for improving outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review neonatal intensive care unit design features that improve neonatal, parental, and staff outcomes.
  • To identify design elements supporting family-centered care in neonatology.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (2006-2016).
  • Included 29 studies (cohort, qualitative, cross-sectional, RCT) and 10 guidelines.
  • Studies were graded for evidence level and critically appraised.

Main Results:

  • Single family room (SFR) design for neonatal units is recommended.
  • Optimized NICU design can improve breastfeeding, infection control, and noise levels.
  • Potential benefits include reduced length of stay, lower hospitalization rates, and improved neonatal morbidity/mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Well-designed, family-centered neonatal units positively impact early life development.
  • Future-proofed and technology-enabled design concepts are essential for high-quality neonatal care.
  • Evidence-based design is a critical component of improving neonatal, parental, and staff outcomes.