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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

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Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors01:27

Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

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Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
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Nursing Assessment:Nursing management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves taking the patient's history, focusing on primary complaints such as chest pain, dyspnea, and excessive sweating (diaphoresis), as well as other symptoms like back or jaw pain, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and fatigue. The nurse also reviews the patient's history of cardiac events, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, family history, and current medications.In the objective assessment,...
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Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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Evans Syndrome.

Ahmed Al Hazmi1, Michael E Winters2

  • 1University of Maryland Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|May 8, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A young man with a history of pericarditis was diagnosed with Evans syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder, presenting with anemia and thrombocytopenia. Early diagnosis and treatment with steroids are crucial for managing this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Evans syndrome is a rare autoimmune condition characterized by the simultaneous or sequential occurrence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old male presented with facial swelling, rash, fatigue, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.
  • The patient had a prior history of pericarditis and pericardial effusion.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with Evans syndrome as an initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Treatment involved intravenous steroids and plasmapheresis, with subsequent improvement in blood counts and resolution of symptoms upon continued steroid therapy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of recognizing Evans syndrome as a potential early manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • Prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary management, including immunosuppressive therapy, are essential for favorable outcomes in patients with Evans syndrome.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal treatment strategies for Evans syndrome in the context of SLE is warranted.