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Ruptured Visceral Artery Aneurysms: A Deadly Cause of Epigastric Pain

Sara Bradley1, Faith Quenzer2, Micah Wittler2

  • 1Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Pomona, California.

Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine
|May 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) are rare but dangerous conditions affecting major abdominal arteries. This case highlights splenic and celiac artery aneurysms leading to severe complications despite prompt treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Abdominal Imaging

Background:

  • Visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) are uncommon yet critical vascular diseases.
  • They frequently involve the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries.
  • Commonly affected vessels include the splenic, hepatic, and superior mesenteric arteries, known for high rupture risks.

Observation:

  • A case involving splenic and celiac artery aneurysms is presented.
  • The patient experienced hemorrhagic shock and multisystem organ failure.
  • These severe outcomes occurred despite timely diagnosis and surgical intervention (ligation).

Findings:

  • The case underscores the severe potential consequences of VAAs.
  • Even with prompt management, life-threatening complications like hemorrhagic shock can arise.
  • Literature review identifies key risk factors and treatment strategies for VAAs.

Implications:

  • Early identification and management of VAAs are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Understanding risk factors can improve patient selection for screening and intervention.
  • This case emphasizes the need for vigilance in diagnosing and treating these rare vascular conditions.

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