Evolving trends in next-generation probiotics: a 5W1H perspective.

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology
• Metabolic Disorders

Background:

• Metabolic and inflammatory disorders are increasing globally, posing significant health challenges.
• The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in modulating these conditions.
• Beneficial bacteria, particularly next-generation probiotics (NGPs), are emerging as key players in gut health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the latest scientific literature on next-generation probiotics (NGPs).
• To explore the potential of specific bacteria, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Eubacterium hallii, as NGPs.
• To address the challenges associated with the use of these bacteria in food, supplements, and drugs.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of current scientific literature.
• Application of the 5W1H (What, Why, Who, Where, When, How) method for structured analysis.
• Focus on the properties and challenges of candidate NGPs.

Main Results:

• Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Eubacterium hallii are identified as promising NGPs.
• A significant challenge for these bacteria is their high sensitivity to oxygen.
• Stability and activity in humans are critical for the successful application of NGPs.

Conclusions:

• NGPs hold significant potential for preventing and treating dysbiosis-associated diseases.
• Overcoming oxygen sensitivity is crucial for the successful development and application of these novel probiotics.
• Further research is needed to ensure the stability and efficacy of NGPs for therapeutic use.