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Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, a Possible Biomarker of Multiorgan Failure and Mortality in Ventilator-Associated

Yia-Ting Li1,2, Yao-Chen Wang3,4, Hsiang-Lin Lee5,6

  • 1Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan. miki2700@gmail.com.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is elevated in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patients and correlates with disease severity. MCP-1 shows potential as an early diagnostic marker for VAP.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) increases patient mortality and healthcare costs.
  • Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is implicated in lung inflammation and infection pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess plasma MCP-1 concentrations in VAP patients.
  • To correlate MCP-1 levels with clinical outcomes and disease severity in VAP.
  • To evaluate MCP-1 as a potential diagnostic marker for VAP.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study involving healthy volunteers, non-VAP subjects, and VAP patients.
  • VAP diagnosis based on American Thoracic Society guidelines.
  • Plasma MCP-1 levels measured using ELISA.

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated plasma MCP-1 in acute VAP compared to controls (p < 0.0001) and non-VAP groups (p = 0.0006).
  • MCP-1 levels decreased after antibiotic treatment.
  • Positive correlation between MCP-1 and pulmonary dysfunction indices (lung injury score, oxygenation index).
  • Higher MCP-1 in VAP patients who developed ARDS (p = 0.04).
  • Strong correlation of MCP-1 with organ failure scores (SAPS II, SOFA, ODIN, PIRO, IBMP-10).
  • Plasma MCP-1 demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance for VAP (AUC = 0.936) with a cut-off of 347.18 ng/mL.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma MCP-1 is a valuable biomarker for VAP, associated with pulmonary dysfunction and organ failure.
  • MCP-1 can aid in the early recognition of VAP.
  • MCP-1 may serve as a prognostic indicator for mortality in VAP patients.
Keywords:
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1mortalityorgan failureventilator-associated pneumonia

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