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Electroencephalographic, physiologic and behavioural responses during cervical dislocation euthanasia in turkeys.

Elein Hernandez1, Fiona James2, Stephanie Torrey3

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|May 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manual (CD) and mechanical (MCD) cervical dislocation methods for turkey euthanasia cause prolonged insensibility and death. Intravenous pentobarbital sodium is faster but has on-farm limitations, necessitating improved methods.

Keywords:
Animal welfareCervical dislocationEEGEuthanasiaPoultryTurkey

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Poultry Science

Background:

  • Developing effective on-farm euthanasia methods for poultry is crucial.
  • Current cervical dislocation (CD) methods, manual (MCD) and mechanical (MCD), show inconsistent results and prolonged times to insensibility.
  • Limited data exists on cervical dislocation efficacy in turkeys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the welfare implications of manual cervical dislocation (CD) and a novel mechanical cervical dislocation (MCD) device for turkey euthanasia.
  • To compare these methods against intravenous (IV) pentobarbital sodium, the current gold standard.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral responses were monitored in 8- and 18-week-old turkeys for 5 minutes post-euthanasia.
  • EEG spectral analysis and time to isoelectric EEG were compared across treatments.
  • Behavioral responses were documented for each euthanasia method.

Main Results:

  • Intravenous pentobarbital sodium induced rapid brain death (approx. 30s) with minimal behavioral response.
  • CD and MCD methods resulted in longer times to brain death (approx. 120s and 300s, respectively).
  • Isoelectric EEGs were achieved in all IV pentobarbital sodium and CD groups, but less consistently in MCD groups (54-88%).

Conclusions:

  • Both CD and MCD methods significantly prolonged the time to death in turkeys.
  • Mechanical cervical dislocation (MCD) poses welfare risks due to inconsistent brain death induction and prolonged insensibility.
  • Further research is needed to improve cervical dislocation techniques or explore alternative methods for humane on-farm poultry euthanasia.