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Purinergic Signaling Pathway in Human Olfactory Neuronal Precursor Cells.

Héctor Solís-Chagoyán1, Edgar Flores-Soto2, Marcela Valdés-Tovar1

  • 1Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, CP 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Stem Cells International
|May 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies functional P2 receptors in human olfactory neuronal precursor cells (hONPC) that regulate exocytosis and calcium signaling. These findings reveal a purinergic pathway crucial for multipotent stem cell communication in the olfactory epithelium.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Extracellular ATP influences multipotent stem cell (MpSC) behavior, but the specific purinergic receptors in human olfactory epithelium-derived stem cells are unknown.
  • Human olfactory neuronal precursor cells (hONPC) possess MpSC characteristics, including self-renewal and differentiation potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the purinergic signaling pathway in isolated hONPC.
  • To investigate the role of P2 receptors in ATP-induced exocytosis and calcium ([Ca2+]i) changes in hONPC.

Main Methods:

  • Clonal isolation of hONPC from human olfactory epithelium (hOE) primary cultures.
  • Western blot analysis for P2 receptor expression.
  • Functional assays using FM1-43 and Fura-2 AM to assess exocytosis and [Ca2+]i dynamics.

Main Results:

  • hONPC expressed P2X receptor subtypes 1, 3-5, 7 and P2Y receptor subtypes 2, 4, 6, 11.
  • ATP stimulation triggered exocytosis and transient [Ca2+]i increases, primarily mediated by metabotropic P2Y receptors.
  • The identified purinergic signaling pathway remained stable in long-term clonal cultures.

Conclusions:

  • Functional P2 receptors are expressed in MpSC-like hONPC, regulating exocytosis and calcium signaling.
  • This purinergic signaling may mediate paracrine communication within the hOE.
  • This study provides the first evidence of a functional purinergic pathway in hONPC.