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A Novel Human Epithelial Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
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Prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants - an updated review

Yu-Ting Jin1, Yue Duan1, Xiao-Kai Deng1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang Province, China.

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
|May 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Human milk feeding and probiotics can reduce necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) risk in premature infants. Antibiotic use may increase NEC risk, while standardized feeding protocols are recommended for prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe disease in premature infants with unclear causes.
  • Gut bacterial dysbiosis is a suspected risk factor for NEC development.
  • Clinical practices aim to mitigate NEC risk in vulnerable neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical trials and meta-analyses on practices reducing NEC risk in premature infants.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of human milk, probiotics, antibiotics, and feeding protocols.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for NEC prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent clinical trials and meta-analyses.
  • Analysis of data on human milk feeding, probiotic supplementation, antibiotic prophylaxis, and feeding protocols.
  • Assessment of reported NEC incidence rates and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Human milk feeding significantly reduces NEC incidence.
  • Probiotic supplementation shows promise in reducing NEC, but quality and dosage concerns remain.
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis does not lower NEC rates and may increase risk in high-risk infants.
  • Standardized feeding protocols are crucial for preventing growth restriction and NEC.

Conclusions:

  • Human milk is a key preventive measure against NEC.
  • Probiotics warrant further investigation regarding optimal use for NEC prevention.
  • Judicious antibiotic use is essential; prolonged empirical use should be avoided.
  • Standardized feeding protocols are strongly recommended for NEC and growth restriction prevention.

Keywords:
Empiric antibioticsHuman milk feedingNecrotizing enterocolitisPreventionProbioticsStandardized feeding protocols

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