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Related Concept Videos

Vaporization01:18

Vaporization

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The physical form of a substance changes by changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. For vaporization to occur, kinetic energy must be greater than the intermolecular forces that keep molecules bonded. The amount of energy needed to vaporize a quantity of liquid at a given pressure and a constant temperature is called the heat of vaporization. When...
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Vapor Pressure02:34

Vapor Pressure

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When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
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Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Vapor Pressure Lowering03:28

Vapor Pressure Lowering

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The equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its gaseous phase when vaporization and condensation are occurring at equal rates:
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Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

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Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to...
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Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles01:13

Structure and Organization of Smooth Muscles

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Smooth muscle tissue is a type of muscle tissue that can be found lining various vital organs in the human body, including the lungs, blood vessels, digestive tract, and respiratory tract. This type of tissue is responsible for regulating the movements of these organs, playing crucial roles in the functioning of various systems, including the vascular, digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems.
Structure of smooth muscle cell
Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped with tapering ends and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Ultrahigh Density Array of Vertically Aligned Small-molecular Organic Nanowires on Arbitrary Substrates
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Ordered-Assembly Conductive Nanowires Array with Tunable Polymeric Structure for Specific Organic Vapor Detection.

Xiangyu Jiang1, Xiqi Zhang1, Yuchen Wu1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel coaxial silver/polymer nanowires array for efficient organic vapor sensing. The innovative nanofabrication method enables high-efficiency classification and identification of various organic vapors.

Keywords:
conductive nanowiresmolecular structure modificationordered-assemblyorganic vapor detectionsuperwettability

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Sensing
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Fabricating one-dimensional (1D) nanowire arrays for artificial organic vapor sensors is challenging.
  • Existing sensors struggle with high-efficiency classification and identification of diverse analytes.
  • Developing robust and selective organic vapor detection methods is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel coaxial silver/polymer nanowires array for enhanced organic vapor sensing.
  • To utilize superwettability-based nanofabrication and polymer swelling for sensor fabrication.
  • To achieve high-efficiency classification and identification of various organic vapors, including similar ones like methanol and ethanol.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of coaxial Ag/polymer nanowires array using superwettability-based nanofabrication.
  • Utilizing polymer swelling-induced resistance change for sensing mechanism.
  • Molecular structure modification of synthetic polyethersulfone polymers for enhanced selectivity.
  • Theoretical simulations to understand polymer-vapor interactions.

Main Results:

  • The Ag/polymer nanowires array sensor successfully classified and identified various organic vapors with good separation efficiency.
  • Modified polyethersulfone polymers enabled distinction between similar organic vapors (methanol and ethanol).
  • Theoretical simulations confirmed that specific molecular interactions enhance sensor recognition performance.

Conclusions:

  • Coaxial Ag/polymer nanowires array offers a viable strategy for efficient organic vapor sensing.
  • Superwettability-based nanofabrication combined with polymer swelling is an effective approach.
  • Molecular design of polymers is key to improving the selectivity and recognition of organic vapor sensors.