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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

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Extracellular Matrix Geometry and Initial Adhesive Position Determine Stress Fiber Network Organization during Cell

Elena Kassianidou1, Dimitri Probst2, Julia Jäger2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1762, USA; UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-1762, USA.

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Cell spreading on complex 3D matrices depends on initial cell position and extracellular matrix (ECM) geometry. Cells organize internal stress fibers (SFs) to adapt to these structures, creating a memory of their spreading history.

Keywords:
actin cytoskeletoncell memorycell migrationcell shapecell spreadingcell-matrix adhesioncellular Potts modelmathematical modelingmechanobiologystress fibers

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Cells interact with complex three-dimensional extracellular matrices (ECM).
  • Adhesive tracks within ECMs often present geometric challenges, requiring cells to navigate corners and non-adhesive regions.
  • Understanding cell behavior in such environments is crucial for tissue engineering and developmental biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how cell spreading kinetics and stress fiber (SF) organization are influenced by defined extracellular matrix (ECM) geometry.
  • To develop and validate a computational model predicting cell behavior on micropatterned substrates.
  • To explore the relationship between cell spreading history and SF network architecture.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized micropatterned cell adhesive frames to create controlled ECM geometries.
  • Employed a cellular Potts model (CPM) to simulate cell spreading dynamics.
  • Quantified stress fiber (SF) assembly, spatial distribution, and lifetimes.
  • Cultured cells on arrays of discrete collagen fibers for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Cell spreading kinetics were strongly dependent on initial adhesive position and ECM geometry.
  • A computational cellular Potts model (CPM) accurately predicted spreading behavior based on adhesion and intracellular tension.
  • Stress fibers (SFs) assembled periodically (∼15 min intervals) parallel to the leading edge with characteristic lifetimes (∼50 min).
  • The CPM successfully predicted SF network architecture when incorporating observed SF assembly rules.
  • Similar cell spreading behaviors were observed on discrete collagen fiber arrays.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) geometry and initial cell position are critical determinants of cell spreading.
  • Cells exhibit a memory of their spreading history, encoded within their stress fiber (SF) network organization.
  • The developed CPM provides a valuable tool for predicting cell behavior on complex substrates.