Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 25, 2026
06:31
Force and Position Control in Humans - The Role of Augmented Feedback
Published on: June 19, 2016
8.2K
Neuronal Polarity: Positive and Negative Feedback Signals
Tetsuya Takano1,2, Yasuhiro Funahashi1, Kozo Kaibuchi1
1Department of Cell Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|May 10, 2019
Summary
Neuronal polarity, essential for brain development, is regulated by positive feedback for axon growth and negative feedback to prevent multiple axons. This ensures neurons form one axon and many dendrites.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Neuronal polarity is crucial for proper brain development and function.
- Understanding how neurons establish a single axon and multiple dendrites is a fundamental neurodevelopmental question.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding the signaling mechanisms of neuronal polarization.
- To highlight the roles of positive and negative feedback in axon and dendrite specification.
Main Methods:
- Molecular and cell biological approaches.
- Analysis of signaling networks in cultured hippocampal neurons and developing cortex.
Main Results:
- Positive feedback loops promote axon specification and elongation in one minor neurite.
- Negative feedback signals from the nascent axon inhibit multiple axon formation, promoting dendrite specification.
- These feedback mechanisms are key to maintaining neuronal polarity.
Conclusions:
- Positive and negative feedback signaling networks are critical for establishing and maintaining neuronal polarity.
- This regulatory system ensures the correct formation of a single axon and multiple dendrites during neuronal development.
Related Concept Videos
01:18Positive and Negative Feedback Loops
25.0K
Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples of these changes include regulation of the level of glucose or calcium in the blood or internal responses to external temperatures. Homeostasis requires maintaining an internal dynamic equilibrium:
25.0K
00:58Positive, Negative, and Zero Work
22.1K
Work is done on an object when energy is transferred to the object. In other words, work is done when a force acts on a body that undergoes a displacement from one position to another. By definition, the work done by a force is the integral of the force with respect to the displacement along its path. Forces can vary as a function of position, and displacements can occur along various paths between two points. The magnitude of a force multiplied by the cosine of the angle that the force makes...
22.1K
01:07Cell Signaling Feedback Loops
7.3K
Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
Negative feedback loops
Most signaling systems have negative feedback loops that can perform different functions such as output limiter, and adaptation.
Output limiter
Upon receiving an input signal, the cellular response rapidly increases until a threshold is reached. Beyond this threshold, a negative feedback loop...
Negative feedback loops
Most signaling systems have negative feedback loops that can perform different functions such as output limiter, and adaptation.
Output limiter
Upon receiving an input signal, the cellular response rapidly increases until a threshold is reached. Beyond this threshold, a negative feedback loop...
7.3K
01:23Root Loci for Positive-Feedback Systems
338
The Hartley oscillator is a positive feedback system that sustains oscillations by feeding the output back to the input in phase, thereby reinforcing the signal. Positive feedback systems can be viewed as negative feedback systems with inverted feedback signals. In these systems, the root locus encompasses all points on the s-plane where the angle of the system transfer function equals 360 degrees.
The construction rules for the root locus in positive feedback systems are similar to those in...
The construction rules for the root locus in positive feedback systems are similar to those in...
338
00:46Feedback Inhibition
57.0K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.0K
03:37Molecular Shape and Polarity
74.9K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
74.9K