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Related Concept Videos

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
71.4K
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

36.5K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
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Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.1K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.1K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.4K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.4K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

129.6K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
129.6K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.0K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.0K

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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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Poly(ionic liquid) Electrolytes for a Switchable Silver Mirror.

Xiao Hou1, Zhenyong Wang1, Zhiqiang Zheng1

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poly(ionic liquid)s enhance reversible electrochemical mirrors for dynamic windows. These materials enable faster switching speeds, improved durability, and uniform silver nanoparticle films, offering a competitive alternative to traditional electrochromic technologies.

Keywords:
flexible displaypoly(ionic liquid)semi-solid electrolytessmart windowswitchable mirror

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Reversible electrochemical mirrors (REMs) are key components in dynamic window technologies.
  • Ionic liquids (ILs) and poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) offer unique properties for electrochemical applications.
  • Controlling nanoparticle morphology is crucial for optimizing REM performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize imidazolium-based ILs and PILs for application in Ag-based REMs.
  • To investigate the impact of IL/PIL structure (alkyl chain length, charge density) on electrochromic properties.
  • To evaluate the performance of PIL-based gel electrolytes in comparison to IL-based liquid electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of imidazolium-type ILs and PIL homopolymers.
  • Fabrication and characterization of Ag-based REMs using IL and PIL electrolytes.
  • Analysis of electrodeposition and spectral properties to assess nanoparticle formation and electrochromic behavior.
  • Investigation of electrolyte viscosity effects on nanoparticle characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Alkyl chain length and cation charge density influenced the size and uniformity of electrodeposited Ag nanoparticles.
  • PIL-based gel electrolytes produced smaller and denser Ag nanoparticles compared to IL-based liquid electrolytes due to higher viscosity.
  • PIL-based REMs demonstrated fast switching speeds, excellent cycling durability, and uniform Ag nanoparticle films.

Conclusions:

  • PIL electrolytes are highly effective for fabricating high-performance REMs.
  • The unique properties of PILs lead to superior electrochromic performance in Ag nanoparticle-based systems.
  • PIL-based REMs present a promising and competitive alternative for advanced dynamic window applications.