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Method for Correcting Continuous Ice-Core Elemental Measurements for Under-Recovery.

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Continuous ice core analysis provides accurate elemental concentrations, especially when supplemented with discrete sampling for full particulate dissolution. This method enhances atmospheric aerosol variation studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Paleoclimatology

Background:

  • Elemental concentrations in ice cores are crucial for understanding past atmospheric aerosol variations.
  • Current analysis methods include continuous (rapid) and discrete (delayed) acidification of ice-core meltwater.
  • Continuous analysis may underestimate elemental concentrations if particulates do not fully dissolve.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the accuracy of continuous versus discrete elemental analysis in ice core meltwater.
  • To determine the dissolution rates of various elements under continuous analysis conditions.
  • To establish an optimal analytical protocol for ice core elemental measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three ice core sections from Greenland and Antarctica.
  • Continuous measurement of meltwater elemental concentrations (4.5 min post-acidification).
  • Discrete measurement of meltwater elemental concentrations from 1 to 151 days post-continuous measurement.

Main Results:

  • Elements like Sodium (Na), Strontium (Sr), and Sulfur (S) showed complete dissolution and recovery during continuous analysis.
  • Partial recovery (70-100%) was observed for Cadmium (Cd), Gadolinium (Gd), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), Uranium (U), and Ytterbium (Yb).
  • Lower recovery (<50%) was noted for Aluminum (Al), Iron (Fe), and Lanthanum (La), indicating incomplete dissolution.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous ice core meltwater analysis is advantageous but may require adjustments for certain elements.
  • Simultaneous discrete sampling alongside continuous analysis is recommended for accurate elemental quantification.
  • Adjusting continuous measurements based on long-term discrete sample analysis (≥3 months) ensures data reliability for atmospheric studies.