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Development of a Direct Pulp-capping Model for the Evaluation of Pulpal Wound Healing and Reparative Dentin Formation in Mice
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Dentin tubule orientation determines odontoblastic differentiation in vitro: A morphological study
José Javier Martín-de-Llano1,2, Manuel Mata1,2,3, Santiago Peydró1
1Department of Pathology. Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Plos One
|May 10, 2019
Summary
Surface microgeometry of dentin scaffolds influences human dental pulp stem cell differentiation into odontoblast-like cells. Accessible tubules promote an odontoblastic phenotype, crucial for regenerative endodontics and dentin repair.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Stem Cell Biology
- Regenerative Dentistry
Background:
- Odontoblasts are vital for dentin maintenance and dental health.
- Irreversible pulpitis can lead to odontoblast death, necessitating regenerative approaches.
- Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) show promise for regenerating odontoblasts in regenerative endodontics (RE).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of dentin scaffold surface microgeometry, specifically dentin tubule accessibility, on hDPSCs differentiation.
- To characterize the ultrastructural features of differentiated hDPSCs and their secreted extracellular matrix.
- To evaluate the potential of using microgeometry-controlled scaffolds for dentin regeneration.
Main Methods:
- Culturing hDPSCs on acellular dentin scaffolds with varying dentin tubule geometries and accessibility for up to 6 weeks.
- Employing optical microscopy (H&E, Masson trichrome, DSPP immunohistochemistry) for cell characterization.
- Utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for detailed ultrastructural analysis of cells and extracellular matrix.
Main Results:
- hDPSCs cultured on accessible dentin tubules adopted an odontoblastic phenotype with cellular processes resembling native odontoblasts.
- The cell organization and secreted extracellular matrix mirrored native dentin tissue characteristics.
- Cells on non-accessible tubule surfaces exhibited a secretory phenotype with dense extracellular matrix, while cells distant from the scaffold showed a similar phenotype possibly due to biochemical cues.
Conclusions:
- Scaffold microgeometry, particularly dentin tubule accessibility, is a critical factor in directing hDPSCs differentiation towards an odontoblastic lineage.
- hDPSCs hold significant potential for dentin regeneration, with scaffold design playing a key role in achieving desired cellular phenotypes.
- This study highlights the utility of tailored biomaterial surfaces for controlling stem cell behavior in regenerative applications.
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