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Related Experiment Videos

Nanoparticle-mediated histotripsy (NMH) using perfluorohexane 'nanocones'.

Jennifer Khirallah1, Rebecca Schmieley1, Erhan Demirel2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America.

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|May 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

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New nanocones (NCs) effectively lower the cavitation threshold for nanoparticle-mediated histotripsy (NMH) ultrasound therapy. This advancement in NMH therapy shows promise for targeted tissue ablation with predictable results.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustic Medicine
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nanoparticle-mediated histotripsy (NMH) utilizes acoustically sensitive nanoparticles to enhance ultrasound treatments.
  • Previous studies with perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (NDs) demonstrated NMH's ability to reduce the cavitation threshold.
  • Cavitation nucleation in NMH is linked to negative pressure and the total volume of perfluorocarbon (PFC) present.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of newly developed nanocones (NCs) for NMH therapy.
  • To determine if NCs can reduce the NMH cavitation threshold, similar to NDs.
  • To assess the relationship between NC concentration and the NMH cavitation threshold.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized novel NCs using methylated β-cyclodextrin and perfluorohexane (PFH).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposed tissue phantoms with varying NC concentrations (10^-5 to 10^-10 ml PFH/ml water) to ultrasound pulses.
  • Utilized high-speed imaging to capture cavitation data and determine the cavitation threshold.

    • Main Results:

    • NCs significantly reduced the histotripsy cavitation threshold to 11.0 MPa at a concentration of 10^-5 ml PFH/ml water.
    • The cavitation threshold increased with lower NC concentrations.
    • Demonstrated effective NMH ablation in tissue phantoms containing red blood cells (RBCs) using NCs.

    Conclusions:

    • NCs are effective nanoparticles for NMH therapy, reducing the cavitation threshold.
    • NC concentration has a predictable effect on reducing the NMH cavitation threshold.
    • NCs show potential for future NMH-based therapeutic applications.