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Comparative transcriptome analysis of trout skin pigment cells
Ida Djurdjevič1, Tomasz Furmanek2, Seita Miyazawa3
1Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, SI-1230, Domžale, Slovenia.
BMC Genomics
|May 11, 2019
Summary
Researchers identified key genes involved in fish skin patterns by comparing gene expression in trout species. Four genes showed a correlation between their expression and the observed pigment patterns in hybrid trout.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Ichthyology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Teleost fish exhibit significant diversity in skin coloration and patterns.
- Salmonidae, such as trout, serve as valuable models for investigating pigment pattern development.
- Marble trout display labyrinthine patterns, while brown trout have spotted patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify candidate genes responsible for distinct skin pigment patterns in marble and brown trout.
- To understand the genetic basis of pigment patterning in Salmonidae.
Main Methods:
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of dermis sections from marble and brown trout.
- Differential gene expression analysis to identify candidate genes.
- Quantitative real-time PCR to validate gene expression profiles.
- Analysis of gene expression in hybrid trout correlating with phenotype.
Main Results:
- Identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) potentially linked to skin pigment patterns.
- Validated expression profiles of 27 DEGs using quantitative real-time PCR.
- Found a correlation between phenotype and expression for four genes (gja5, clcn2, cdkn1a, tjp1) in hybrid trout.
Conclusions:
- Specific gene communication via gap junctions, tight junctions, and ion channels is crucial for maintaining diverse trout skin patterns.
- These cellular communication mechanisms regulate pigment patterns in chromatophores within differentially pigmented skin regions.
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