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Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

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Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...
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Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

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Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
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Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

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The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
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Subatomic Particles03:37

Subatomic Particles

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Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.
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The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
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The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

An Efficient Method for Selective Desalination of Radioactive Iodine Anions by Using Gold Nanoparticles-Embedded Membrane Filter
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An Efficient Method for Selective Desalination of Radioactive Iodine Anions by Using Gold Nanoparticles-Embedded Membrane Filter

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Selective Particle Filtering in a Large Acoustophoretic Serpentine Channel.

M H Kandemir1,2, R M Wagterveld1, D R Yntema1

  • 1Wetsus, European Center of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.

Scientific Reports
|May 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates acoustically driven selective particle filtering using a 3D-printed serpentine channel. The method effectively separates particles of different sizes, including yeast from wheat beer, by adjusting flow rate or acoustic transducer voltage.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Acoustic manipulation
  • Particle separation technology

Background:

  • Acoustically driven particle manipulation offers label-free separation methods.
  • Serpentine microchannels are explored for particle focusing and separation applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of a serpentine channel for acoustically driven selective particle filtering.
  • To demonstrate selective particle trapping and separation in hairpin sections of the channel.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a serpentine channel prototype using 3D printing.
  • Generation of acoustic waves using a piezoelectric transducer (near 2 MHz).
  • Computer simulations for flow and acoustic field visualization, complemented by experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • Selective particle trapping achieved in hairpin sections, confirmed experimentally.
  • Demonstration of selective trapping for polyethylene particles (34–100 µm) by adjusting flow rate or transducer voltage.
  • Successful selective filtration of yeast (up to 20 µm) from wheat beer.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustically driven selective particle filtering is feasible in a 3D-printed serpentine channel.
  • Adjusting flow rate or acoustic transducer voltage provides clear separation thresholds for particle filtering.
  • The developed method shows potential for applications in microfluidic particle separation and purification.