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Aging and Brain Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis.

Emanuele Ghione1, Niels Bergsland1, Michael G Dwyer1,2

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Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Aging accelerates brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients differently than in healthy individuals (HI). MS patients show distinct patterns of ventricular and whole brain volume changes with age.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisagingbrain atrophylateral ventricle volumewhole brain volume

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Brain atrophy is a hallmark of aging and multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The combined impact of aging and MS on brain atrophy progression is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the exacerbating effects of aging on brain atrophy in MS patients.
  • To compare age-related changes in lateral ventricular volume (LVV) and whole brain volume (WBV) between MS patients and healthy individuals (HI).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of MRI scans from 1,982 MS patients and 351 HI, aged 20-79 years.
  • Calculation of percent LVV change (PLVVC) and percent brain volume change (PBVC) over a median of 3.9 scans per subject.
  • Statistical comparison of volumetric changes across six age groups using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited significantly increased LVV and decreased WBV compared to HI across multiple age groups.
  • Annualized PLVVC differed significantly between age groups (20-59 vs. 60-79) in both MS patients and HI.
  • A significant aging interaction effect was observed in annualized PLVVC between MS patients and HI, but not for annualized PBVC.

Conclusions:

  • Brain atrophy in MS patients progresses with a distinct pattern compared to aging HI.
  • Lateral ventricular volume changes show a significant age-related interaction between MS and healthy aging.
  • Whole brain volume changes decrease across ages in both MS patients and HI, but with different patterns.