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Related Concept Videos

Anorexia Nervosa01:28

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Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
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We typically love the people with whom we form relationships, but the type of love we have for our family, friends, and lovers differs. Robert Sternberg (1986) proposed that there are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. These three components form a triangle that defines multiple types of love: this is known as Sternberg’s triangular theory of love. Intimacy is the sharing of details and intimate thoughts and emotions. Passion is the physical attraction—the...
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Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor. 
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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
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Harm minimization in severe and enduring anorexia nervosa.

Janice Russell1, Bridget Mulvey1, Hayley Bennett1

  • 1a Professor Marie Bashir Centre , Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown , NSW , Australia.

International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England)
|May 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This article discusses managing severe and enduring anorexia nervosa, focusing on harm minimization strategies for long-term sufferers. The goal is to improve physical and psychological outcomes, even without full weight recovery.

Keywords:
Anorexia nervosapeer supportpsychoeducationpsychotherapyrecovery

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Anorexia nervosa often has a long course, leading to significant disability and family burden, even with early intervention.
  • Severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (SEAN) describes patients with prolonged illness trajectories.
  • While many patients recover, adaptive medical stability and function are achievable even when full weight restoration is not met.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore strategies for managing severe and enduring anorexia nervosa.
  • To focus on harm minimization for long-term sufferers of anorexia nervosa.
  • To optimize physical and psychological outcomes throughout the prolonged illness course.

Main Methods:

  • Selective literature review on harm minimization in chronic anorexia nervosa.
  • Utilized Ovid database and Google Scholar for literature search.
  • Incorporated nearly four decades of clinical experience.

Main Results:

  • Harm minimization is crucial for managing long-term anorexia nervosa.
  • Adaptive medical stability and function can be maintained despite severe illness.
  • Focusing on outcomes beyond just weight recovery is essential.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of severe and enduring anorexia nervosa involves prioritizing harm reduction.
  • It is possible to achieve positive physical and psychological outcomes, even in cases of prolonged illness.
  • Clinical practice should aim to surpass the basic principle of 'first, do no harm'.