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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Analysis of Shear Flow-induced Migration of Murine Marginal Zone B Cells In Vitro

Analysis of Shear Flow-induced Migration of Murine Marginal Zone B Cells In Vitro

Published on: November 26, 2018

Confinement-Induced Transition between Wavelike Collective Cell Migration Modes.

Vanni Petrolli¹, Magali Le Goff¹, Monika Tadrous¹

¹Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

Physical Review Letters

|May 11, 2019

Summary

Tissue oscillations arise intrinsically from cell mechanics, not external forces. These supracellular waves exhibit a phase transition, allowing cells to measure distances.

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Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Analysis of Shear Flow-induced Migration of Murine Marginal Zone B Cells In Vitro

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Published on: November 26, 2018

Zebrafish Keratocyte Explants to Study Collective Cell Migration and Reepithelialization in Cutaneous Wound Healing

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Study of Cell Migration in Microfabricated Channels

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Published on: February 21, 2014

Area of Science:

Cell biology
Biophysics
Tissue mechanics

Background:

Biological tissues integrate chemical and mechanical signals for organization.
Long-range mechanical waves (supracellular excitations) are increasingly recognized in tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the origin and properties of tissue-level mechanical waves.
Explore the role of confinement on wave dynamics in epithelial cell monolayers.
Determine if tissue oscillations can serve as a distance-measuring mechanism.

Main Methods:

Confining epithelial cell monolayers to quasi-one-dimensional geometries.
Employing numerical simulations with a self-propelled Voronoi model.
Conducting experimental validation of simulated wave behaviors.

Main Results:

Established tissue-level waves with controlled wavelength and period.
Observed a phase transition between global and multinodal waves, dependent on confinement size.
Demonstrated that wave properties (wavelength, period) are independent of confinement length.

Conclusions:

Tissue oscillations originate intrinsically from cellular properties.
A phase transition in wave behavior is controlled by geometric confinement.
These intrinsic oscillations may enable supracellular distance measurement.