Cluster State Generation with Spin-Orbit Coupled Fermionic Atoms in Optical Lattices

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Atomic Physics
• Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

• Measurement-based quantum computation relies on cluster states, which are complex entangled quantum states.
• Generating these states deterministically and at scale has been a significant challenge in quantum computing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and analyze a novel scheme for the deterministic generation of macroscopic cluster states.
• To leverage spin-orbit coupling and superexchange interactions in fermionic alkaline earth atoms for cluster state generation.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing fermionic alkaline earth atoms trapped in three-dimensional optical lattices.
• Employing a coherent drive in conjunction with spin-orbit coupling and superexchange interactions.
• Analyzing the robustness of the generated cluster states against imperfections like holes.

Main Results:

• A scheme is proposed to deterministically generate macroscopic cluster states in 3D optical lattices.
• The method dynamically creates cluster states without requiring engineered atom transport.
• The generated cluster states demonstrate robustness against holes, a common imperfection.

Conclusions:

• The proposed scheme offers a viable pathway for generating large-scale cluster states for quantum computation.
• This protocol is particularly relevant for next-generation 3D optical lattice clocks due to long coherence times.
• Collective measurements and time reversal can be used to benchmark the underlying quantum dynamics and correlations.