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The Evidence for Evolution02:55

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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Particle Templated Emulsification enables Microfluidic-Free Droplet Assays
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Microstructure evolution during nano-emulsification by NMR and microscopy.

Carmine D'Agostino1, Valentina Preziosi2, Abdulaziz Khan3

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|May 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pulsed-field gradient NMR and confocal microscopy revealed microstructure changes in oil-in-water emulsions. Water addition induced significant structuring, forming reverse micelles or lamellar structures in the oil phase.

Keywords:
CLSMDiffusionNano-emulsionsPFG NMRPhase inversion emulsification

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding emulsion microstructure evolution is crucial but not fully understood.
  • Nano-emulsification dynamics and structure require advanced characterization techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microstructure evolution in emulsions using pulsed-field gradient NMR and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
  • To correlate emulsion dynamics with morphological changes during nano-emulsification.

Main Methods:

  • Pulsed-field gradient (PFG) NMR diffusion measurements were performed on water-in-oil emulsions.
  • Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to visualize emulsion morphology.
  • Diffusion coefficients were measured as a function of water composition.

Main Results:

  • In oil-rich emulsions, two diffusion components were observed, corresponding to continuous oil and dispersed phases.
  • At 25 wt% water (inversion point), a significant reversal in diffusion behavior occurred, with slow diffusion dominating.
  • CLSM revealed distinct phases in the absence of water, suggesting structural changes with water addition.

Conclusions:

  • Water addition significantly influences emulsion microstructure, leading to the formation of aggregates like reverse micelles or lamellar structures.
  • PFG NMR and CLSM provide complementary insights into emulsion dynamics and morphology.
  • The findings contribute to the fundamental understanding of nano-emulsification processes.