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Assessment and Communication for People with Disorders of Consciousness
Published on: August 1, 2017
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Teresa Lanza di Scalea1, Teri Pearlstein2
1Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Women's Health, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Abstract:
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) comprises emotional and physical symptoms and functional impairment that lie on the severe end of the continuum of premenstrual symptoms. Women with PMDD have a differential response to normal hormonal fluctuations. This susceptibility may involve the serotonin system, altered sensitivity of the GABAA receptor to the neurosteroid allopregnanalone, and altered brain circuitry involving emotional and cognitive functions. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors are considered the first-line treatment. Second-line treatments include oral contraceptives containing drospirenone, other ovulation suppression methods, calcium, chasteberry, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
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