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Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
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Why are revision knee replacements failing?

Sanjeev Agarwal1, Rakan Kabariti2, Rahul Kakar2

  • 1University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK.

The Knee
|May 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Infection and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of revision knee replacement failure. Addressing these issues may improve outcomes for patients undergoing revision knee surgery.

Keywords:
Aseptic looseningInfectionKnee replacementKnee revisionStiffness

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Knee revision surgeries are increasing globally.
  • A significant proportion of these complex procedures experience early failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the primary causes of failure in revision knee replacements.
  • To identify reasons for subsequent re-revision surgeries.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 95 patients undergoing revision knee surgery.
  • Recorded indications for initial revision and reasons for re-revision.
  • Follow-up duration ranged from 30 to 97 months (mean 62 months).

Main Results:

  • Infection was the leading cause of failure (32.6%), followed closely by aseptic loosening (30.5%).
  • Other reasons for re-revision included instability (12.6%), stiffness (10.5%), pain (7.3%), and extensor mechanism issues (5.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Infection and aseptic loosening remain the predominant reasons for revision knee replacement failure.
  • Enhanced infection management strategies and improved fixation techniques are crucial for reducing revision failure rates.