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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Functional Classification of Joints
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Blood is specialized connective tissue comprising about 8% of the body mass. It has a thick, liquid extracellular matrix that contains cells, dissolved proteins, and electrolytes, making it five times more viscous than water. Blood is warm, around 38°C, and has an alkaline pH ranging from 7.35 to 7.45.
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Identification of Coding and Non-coding RNA Classes Expressed in Swine Whole Blood
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Long non-coding RNA: Classification, biogenesis and functions in blood cells.

Swati Dahariya1, Indira Paddibhatla1, Santosh Kumar1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, (PO) Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, TS, India.

Molecular Immunology
|May 13, 2019
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Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulatory molecules involved in gene expression and cellular processes. This review explores their classification, biogenesis, and crucial roles in blood cell development, particularly hematopoiesis.

Keywords:
Long non-coding RNAMegakaryocyteNon-coding RNAPlatelet

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Hematopoiesis Research

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of regulatory RNA molecules with diverse structures and functions.
  • lncRNAs are transcribed by RNA Polymerase II and III and play roles in epigenetic regulation, including histone modification and DNA methylation.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs is implicated in various diseases, including blood-associated disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of lncRNA classification and biogenesis.
  • To summarize the known functions of lncRNAs in blood cell development and hematopoiesis.
  • To highlight the unexplored roles of lncRNAs in megakaryocyte development from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on lncRNAs.
  • Analysis of lncRNA roles in cellular processes and gene expression regulation.
  • Focus on lncRNA involvement in hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and lineage commitment.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs function as signals, decoys, guides, and scaffolds in cellular processes.
  • lncRNAs modulate chromatin structure and DNA accessibility, influencing gene expression patterns.
  • lncRNAs are critical for hematopoietic stem cell development, including myeloid and lymphoid lineage commitment.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are key regulators of gene expression and cellular functions.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in hematopoiesis.
  • Understanding lncRNA roles in megakaryocyte development is a critical area for future investigation.