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Rabies Necropsy Techniques in Large and Small Animals
Published on: July 30, 2019
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Rabies among animals in Saudi Arabia
Samy Kasem1, Raed Hussein2, Ali Al-Doweriej2
1Department of Veterinary Health and Monitoring, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, 65 King Abdul-Aziz Road, Riyadh, 11195, Saudi Arabia; Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, El-Geish Street, 33516, Egypt.
Journal of Infection and Public Health
|May 14, 2019
Summary
Rabies is a significant public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with a high prevalence in examined animals. Dogs and camels are identified as key reservoirs, necessitating urgent control measures to protect both human and animal populations.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Zoonotic Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Rabies poses a persistent threat to human and animal health in endemic regions.
- The Arabian Peninsula has endemic animal rabies, yet data from Saudi Arabia is limited.
- Understanding the rabies situation in Saudi Arabia is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of rabies in animals in Saudi Arabia.
- To identify the primary animal reservoirs of rabies in the country.
- To assess the zoonotic risk associated with rabies in Saudi Arabia.
Main Methods:
- A total of 199 animals suspected of rabies were tested between 2010 and 2017.
- The Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test (DFAT) was employed for rabies diagnosis.
- Geographical distribution of positive cases was analyzed.
Main Results:
- A high positivity rate of 79.4% (158 out of 199) was observed in examined animals.
- The highest number of positive cases were reported in Al-Qassim, Eastern region, Riyadh, and Al-Madina.
- Rabies was diagnosed for the first time in Procavia capensis and baboons (Papio hamadryas hamadryas).
- Infected livestock, particularly camels, sheep, and goats, were identified, increasing zoonotic risk.
Conclusions:
- Rabies remains a significant public health issue in Saudi Arabia.
- Dogs and camels are the principal reservoirs, posing ongoing risks to humans and animals.
- Implementing robust rabies control measures for both animal and human populations is essential.
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