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Firearm injuries and children: Position statement of the American Pediatric Surgical Association

John K Petty1, Marion C W Henry2, Michael L Nance3

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|May 14, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Firearm injuries are a leading cause of death in children. The American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) advocates for a public health approach, including policy changes and research, to prevent pediatric firearm injuries.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Public Health
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • Firearm injuries represent the second leading cause of mortality in children presenting to trauma centers.
  • Pediatric surgeons play a vital role in managing these injuries and are committed to prevention efforts.
  • The American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) emphasizes comprehensive pediatric trauma readiness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the American Pediatric Surgical Association's (APSA) position on firearm injury prevention in children.
  • To advocate for a public health framework to address pediatric firearm violence.
  • To support policy, research, and safety measures to reduce firearm-related deaths and injuries in children.

Main Methods:

  • This is an APSA Position Statement based on expert opinion (Level V evidence).
  • The statement synthesizes current knowledge and advocates for specific policy and prevention strategies.
  • It draws parallels with successful public health interventions, such as those for motor vehicle safety.

Main Results:

  • APSA supports a public health approach, including mental health services and physician counseling on firearm safety.
  • Endorsed policies include universal background checks, assault weapon restrictions, child access prevention laws, and a minimum age of 21 for firearm purchase.
  • APSA advocates for increased research funding and school safety initiatives, including bleeding control training.

Conclusions:

  • A multidimensional public health approach, similar to that used for motor vehicle safety, can effectively reduce firearm deaths and injuries in children.
  • APSA is dedicated to fostering partnerships to implement these strategies.
  • Preventing firearm-related harm to children requires a concerted effort involving policy, prevention, education, and trauma care.

Keywords:
ChildFirearmGun violenceInjuriesPediatricPolicyTrauma

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