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Integration of audiovisual spatial signals is not consistent with maximum likelihood estimation
David Meijer1, Sebastijan Veselič1, Carmelo Calafiore1
1Computational Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Computational Neuroscience and Cognitive Robotics Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Summary
Human multisensory perception aligns with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in reducing variance but shows stronger weighting of visual signals than predicted. This suggests subtle deviations from MLE in audiovisual localization due to causal structure uncertainty.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive psychology
- Neuroscience
- Computational modeling
Background:
- Multisensory perception often follows maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) principles.
- Observers integrate auditory and visual cues weighted by reliability for optimal perception.
- Previous evidence on audiovisual localization aligning with MLE has been inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate human audiovisual localization behavior against maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) predictions.
- To determine if sensory cue weighting and variance reduction align with MLE in a large-scale replication study.
Main Methods:
- A pre-registered, large-scale replication study with 36 participants.
- Acquisition of psychophysical data for audiovisual localization tasks.
- Simulations to analyze deviations from MLE predictions.
Main Results:
- Participants reduced multisensory variance consistent with MLE.
- However, visual signals were weighed significantly stronger than predicted by MLE.
- Simulations indicated standard methods are more sensitive to weight deviations than variance deviations.
Conclusions:
- Human audiovisual localization does not perfectly align with MLE sensory weighting.
- Deviations suggest observers may not weight cues strictly by reliability.
- Bayesian causal inference may explain these small deviations due to uncertainty about causal structure.
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