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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
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Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
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Random Variables01:09

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A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
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Randomized Experiments01:13

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The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Development of a Benchtop Model for Evaluating the Compatibility of Wound Dressing Materials with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Systems
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Development of a Benchtop Model for Evaluating the Compatibility of Wound Dressing Materials with Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Systems

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Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Surgical-site Infections: A Randomized Trial.

Ammar A Javed1,2, Jonathan Teinor1,2, Michael Wright1,2

  • 1The John L. Cameron Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD.

Annals of Surgery
|May 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Negative pressure wound therapy significantly reduced surgical-site infections (SSIs) after pancreaticoduodenectomy. This intervention lowers complication rates and associated healthcare costs, improving patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Wound Management
  • Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

  • Surgical-site infections (SSIs) are a significant cause of morbidity following abdominal surgery, leading to increased reoperations, hospital stays, and costs.
  • Despite advancements, SSIs remain a challenge, particularly after complex procedures like pancreaticoduodenectomy.
  • Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has emerged as a potential strategy to mitigate SSI risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in preventing surgical-site infections (SSIs) after open pancreaticoduodenectomy.
  • To assess the economic impact of using NPWT for SSI prevention in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted involving patients at high risk for SSI undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.
  • Participants were randomized to either negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) or standard wound closure.
  • The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative SSI, with economic impact also evaluated.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of SSI was significantly lower in the NPWT group (9.7%) compared to the standard closure group (31.1%), representing a 68.8% relative risk reduction (RR=0.31, P=0.003).
  • Surgical-site infections were found to independently increase hospitalization costs by 23.8%.
  • The study randomized 123 patients between January 2017 and February 2018.

Conclusions:

  • Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing the risk of surgical-site infections (SSIs) after open pancreaticoduodenectomy.
  • Implementing NPWT in surgical practice can decrease SSI incidence, thereby reducing patient harm and healthcare expenditures.
  • NPWT represents a valuable tool for improving surgical outcomes and managing costs associated with SSIs.