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Precise Point Positioning Using Dual-Frequency GNSS Observations on Smartphone.

Qiong Wu1, Mengfei Sun2, Changjie Zhou3

  • 1College of Geo-Exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China. wuqiong@jlu.edu.cn.

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Dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP) in smartphones shows potential, achieving meter-level accuracy in static mode but experiencing fluctuations in kinematic mode.

Keywords:
Android smartphoneGNSSprecise point positioning

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Area of Science:

  • Geomatics Engineering
  • Satellite Navigation Systems
  • Mobile Device Technology

Background:

  • Advancements in Android systems and dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) chips allow smartphones to capture dual-frequency observations.
  • Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a high-accuracy GNSS technique previously limited to specialized receivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the positioning performance of a dual-frequency smartphone using precise point positioning (PPP).
  • To compare smartphone PPP accuracy against a geodetic receiver in both static and kinematic scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a dual-frequency PPP algorithm (GPS L1/L5, Galileo E1/E5a) using RTKLIB and GAMP.
  • Tested the Xiaomi Mi 8 smartphone in static and kinematic positioning modes.
  • Analyzed Root Mean Square (RMS) position errors and positioning track stability.

Main Results:

  • In static mode, the smartphone achieved convergence to 1 meter within 102 minutes, with RMS errors of 21.8 cm (East), 4.1 cm (North), and 11.0 cm (Up).
  • Smartphone dual-frequency PPP accuracy was comparable to a single-frequency geodetic receiver.
  • Kinematic mode showed significant fluctuations in the smartphone's positioning track, with a 3-5 meter difference compared to a geodetic receiver.

Conclusions:

  • Dual-frequency smartphone PPP offers promising static positioning accuracy, nearing geodetic receiver performance in single-frequency mode.
  • Smartphone PPP accuracy in kinematic mode requires further improvement due to observed fluctuations.
  • Geodetic receivers maintain superior accuracy, especially in dual-frequency mode, compared to smartphones.