A Two-Coordinate Iron(II) Imido Complex with NHC Ligation: Synthesis, Characterization, and Its Diversified...

Iron terminal imido species are typically implicated as reaction intermediates in iron-catalyzed transformations. While a large body of work has been devoted to mid- and high-valent iron imidos, to date the chemistry of iron(II) imidos has remained largely unexplored due to the difficulty in accessing them. Herein, we present a study on the two-coordinate iron(II) imido complex [(IPr)Fe(NAr^Trip)] (3; IPr = 1,3-bis(2',6'-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; Ar^Trip = 2,6-bis(2',4',6'-triisopropylphenyl)phenyl) prepared from the reaction of an iron(0) complex with the bulky azide Ar^TripN₃. Spectroscopic investigations in combination with DFT calculations established a high-spin S = 2 ground spin state for 3, consistent with its long Fe-N multiple bond of 1.715(2) Å revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 3 exhibits unusual activity of nitrene transfer and C-H bond activation in comparison to the reported iron imido complexes. Specifically, the reactions of 3 with CH₂═CHAr^CF3, an electron-deficient alkene, and CO, a strong π acid, readily afford nitrene transfer products, Ar^CF3CH═CHNHAr^Trip and Ar^TripNCO, respectively, yet no similar reaction occurs when 3 is treated with electron-rich alkenes and PMe₃. Moreover, 3 is inert toward the weak C(sp³)-H bonds in 1,4-cyclohexadiene, THF, and toluene, whereas it can cleave the stronger C(sp)-H bond in p-trifluoromethylphenylacetylene to form an iron(II) amido alkynyl complex. Interestingly, intramolecular C(sp³)-H bond functionalization was observed by adding ( p-Tol)₂CN₂ to 3. The unique reactivity of 3 is attributed to its low-coordinate nature and the high negative charge population on the imido N atom, which render its iron-imido unit nucleophilic in nature.