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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
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Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

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Sleep Problems, Daily Napping Behavior, and Social-Emotional Functioning among Young Children from Families Referred

Jonika B Hash1, Monica L Oxford2, Charles B Fleming3

  • 1Department of Biobehavioral Nursing & Health Informatics, University of Washington , Seattle.

Behavioral Sleep Medicine
|May 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sleep problems in young children experiencing maltreatment are linked to increased internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Napping, however, is associated with better social-emotional functioning, highlighting sleep

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are common in young children exposed to maltreatment.
  • Poor sleep quality may negatively impact social-emotional well-being in this vulnerable population.
  • Reciprocal relationships between sleep and social-emotional functioning are suspected.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal associations between sleep problems and social-emotional functioning in infants and toddlers.
  • To examine the impact of daily napping on social-emotional development in children from families involved with Child Protective Services (CPS).

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study with 123 parent-child dyads referred to CPS for maltreatment.
  • Data collected at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months post-baseline.
  • Parent-reported measures of child's social-emotional functioning (internalizing/externalizing behaviors, social competence) and sleep problems/napping.

Main Results:

  • Higher baseline externalizing behavior predicted more sleep problems at 3 months.
  • Sleep problems at 3 months were associated with increased internalizing and externalizing behaviors at 9 months.
  • Napping at 3 months was linked to lower internalizing/externalizing behaviors and higher competence at 9 months.

Conclusions:

  • Parental concerns about sleep problems longitudinally correlate with internalizing and externalizing behaviors in maltreated children.
  • Children's napping behavior longitudinally associates with improved social-emotional outcomes, including reduced internalizing/externalizing behaviors and enhanced competence.
Abstract

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