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A correlation between platelet indices and preeclampsia
Nitesh Thalor1, Kanika Singh1, Mukta Pujani1
1Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
Insights
Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) can help predict preeclampsia. These platelet indices showed significant differences in preeclampsia patients and correlated with blood pressure.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Hematology
- Clinical Pathology
Background:
- Preeclampsia is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, affecting 3-8% of pregnancies.
- Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolysis are implicated in preeclampsia pathogenesis.
- Platelet activation markers, including platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT), are studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of platelet indices in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
- To evaluate MPV, PDW, platelet count, and PCT as potential diagnostic markers for preeclampsia.
Main Methods:
- A case-controlled study involving 30 preeclampsia cases and 30 healthy controls.
- Blood samples were analyzed using Sysmex XN1000 to measure platelet indices.
- Comparison of platelet indices between cases and controls, and correlation with blood pressure.
Main Results:
- MPV and PDW showed statistically significant differences between preeclampsia patients and controls (p>0.05).
- MPV and PDW demonstrated a significant positive correlation with increasing blood pressure (r=+0.6126, p<0.05 and r=+0.6441, p<0.05, respectively).
- Plateletcrit (PC) and PCT values were lower in preeclampsia patients, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- MPV and PDW are significantly different in preeclampsia and correlate with disease severity (blood pressure).
- PC and PCT did not show a significant correlation with preeclampsia in this study.
- MPV and PDW are economical, readily available, and potentially reliable markers for early prediction and severity assessment of preeclampsia.
Background:
Preeclampsia is one of the major health problems causing maternal morbidity and mortality, complicating 3-8% of pregnancies. It has been suggested that the alterations in the coagulation and fibrinolysis play a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The markers of platelet activation include platelet count, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume and plateletcrit.
Study Design:
It was a case-controlled study which included a total of 60 patients (30 cases and 30 controls). Blood samples were collected and the platelet indices - platelet count, plateletcrit, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width - were evaluated using the Sysmex XN1000 and compared between the two groups.
Results:
The MPV and PDW also showed a significant difference (p>0.05) between the two groups, with a significant positive correlation with increasing blood pressure (MPV - r=+0.6126, p<0.05 and PDW - r=+0.6441, p<0.05). The PC and PCT had lower values in the preeclampsia patients, however the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.
Conclusion:
The MPV and PDW showed a significant difference between the two groups and increasing values with increasing BP. However, the PC and PCT in our study did not show a significant correlation with preeclampsia. Thus, the platelet indices, mainly the MPV and PDW, which are economical and easily available, can be reliable in the prediction and early diagnosis of preeclampsia, as well as a marker for the severity of preeclampsia.
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