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Vectorial near-field coupling.

Martin Esmann^1,2, Simon Fabian Becker¹, Julia Witt^3,4

¹Institute of Physics and Center of Interface Science, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.

Nature Nanotechnology

|May 16, 2019

Summary

We developed plasmonic nanofocusing spectroscopy to precisely measure near-field interactions between nanoscale dipoles. This technique reveals how dipole orientation and distance affect optical properties and quantum dynamics in nanosystems.

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Area of Science:

Plasmonics
Nanophotonics
Quantum Optics

Background:

Coherent near-field exchange between dipoles is crucial for nanosystem function.
Experimental quantification of these interactions is challenging due to their nanoscale range and sensitivity to parameters like detuning and orientation.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate plasmonic nanofocusing spectroscopy for high-resolution characterization of dipole-dipole interactions.
To investigate the influence of dipole distance and relative orientation on optical resonance properties.

Main Methods:

Utilized plasmonic nanofocusing spectroscopy with 5 nm spatial resolution.
Excited a gold nanorod's plasmon resonance via evanescent fields from a conical gold nanotaper apex.
Recorded coherent light scattering spectra.

Main Results:

Resolved resonance energy shifts and line broadenings based on dipole distance and orientation.
Observed phenomena attributed to mode couplings between vectorial components of optical near fields.
Demonstrated coupling between the nanorod and both transverse and longitudinal polarizabilities of the nanotaper apex.

Conclusions:

Plasmonic nanofocusing spectroscopy is effective for studying near-field interactions.
Mode couplings involving vectorial field components significantly influence observed optical properties.
Understanding these couplings is key to controlling nanosystem optical and quantum behaviors.