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Application of the Intelligent High-Throughput Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing/Phage Screening System and Lar Index of Antimicrobial Resistance
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Antimicrobial resistance in nephrology

Tina Z Wang1, Rosy Priya L Kodiyanplakkal2, David P Calfee3,4

  • 1NewYork Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Nature Reviews. Nephrology
|May 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is rising in bacterial pathogens, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease. New antibiotics are needed, alongside improved infection prevention, to combat this growing threat.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health concern, driven by factors including antibiotic use and international travel.
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly those on dialysis or post-transplant, exhibit high rates of colonization and infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB).
  • Common ARB in CKD patients include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing prevalence of AMR in bacterial pathogens.
  • To emphasize the vulnerability of patients with chronic kidney disease to ARB infections.
  • To underscore the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies and enhanced infection control measures.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract synthesizes current knowledge on antimicrobial resistance trends and their impact on patients with renal disease.
  • It reviews the types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria commonly found in this patient population.
  • It discusses the challenges posed by emerging resistance to new antibiotic agents.

Main Results:

  • Antimicrobial resistance is increasing among common bacterial pathogens.
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease are disproportionately affected by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
  • Emerging resistance to new antibiotics necessitates continuous development of novel treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of ARB in renal disease patients requires vigilance for local resistance patterns and adherence to infection prevention practices.
  • There is a critical need for new antimicrobial agents and improved infection control strategies.
  • Clinicians must stay informed about evolving resistance and implement robust prevention measures to mitigate morbidity and mortality.

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